What To Do In Siena: The Ultimate Guide To Siena Italy

What to Do in Siena: A Guide to Exploring This Historic Italian Gem

Information and History of Siena, Italy

What to do in Siena – Nestled in the heart of Tuscany, Siena is a city that captivates visitors with its medieval charm, rich history, and vibrant culture. Known for its well-preserved Gothic architecture and the famous Palio horse race, Siena offers a glimpse into a bygone era. The city’s origins date back to the Etruscans, but it flourished during the Middle Ages as an important center of trade and banking. By the 12th century, Siena had become a self-governing commune, and its rivalry with Florence led to numerous conflicts, influencing much of the city’s architecture and fortifications.

The historical center of Siena is a UNESCO World Heritage site, boasting landmarks like the Piazza del Campo, one of Europe’s greatest medieval squares. The Duomo di Siena, with its stunning façade and intricate interior, stands as a testament to the city’s artistic heritage. The city’s layout, with narrow winding streets and well-preserved buildings, reflects the medieval urban planning that has been maintained through centuries. Exploring Siena’s history is like stepping back in time, offering a deep connection to the traditions and stories that have shaped this fascinating city.

When considering what to do in Siena, delving into its history is a must. Whether you are wandering through its ancient streets, visiting museums that house masterpieces from the Renaissance, or simply soaking in the ambiance of its squares, Siena’s historical richness is evident at every turn. The city’s past is not just preserved in its monuments but is also alive in its festivals, like the Palio, where centuries-old traditions are celebrated with fervor.

What to Do in Siena: Top 10 Attractions and Activities

1. Explore Piazza del Campo

Piazza del Campo is the heart of Siena and one of the most beautiful medieval squares in Europe. This fan-shaped piazza is not only a gathering place for locals and tourists alike but also the site of the famous Palio di Siena, a traditional horse race held twice a year. The square is surrounded by stunning palazzi, including the Palazzo Pubblico, the city’s town hall, which dates back to the 13th century. Climb the Torre del Mangia, the tall tower adjoining the Palazzo Pubblico, to enjoy panoramic views of Siena and the surrounding countryside.

The history of Piazza del Campo reflects Siena’s medieval prosperity. The square’s unique shape was designed to accommodate the city’s various civic activities, and today it remains a central point of Sienese life. Whether you visit during the lively Palio or simply sit at a café to soak in the ambiance, the Piazza del Campo is an essential stop when considering what to do in Siena.

2. Visit the Duomo di Siena

The Duomo di Siena, also known as the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. Its striking black and white marble façade is iconic, and the interior is equally breathtaking, featuring a stunning array of artworks and architectural details. Highlights include the intricate mosaic floor, the Piccolomini Library with its vividly frescoed walls, and sculptures by renowned artists such as Michelangelo and Donatello.

The Duomo’s history dates back to the 12th century, and it was intended to be one of the largest cathedrals in Italy. Although construction was never fully completed, the existing structure is awe-inspiring. For a deeper dive into the cathedral’s art and history, visit the Museo dell’Opera del Duomo, which houses original sculptures and artwork from the Duomo.

3. Discover the Secrets of Santa Maria della Scala

Once a functioning hospital that cared for pilgrims, the poor, and orphans, Santa Maria della Scala is now one of Siena’s most fascinating museums. Located opposite the Duomo, this vast complex offers a journey through Siena’s past, with exhibitions that cover everything from ancient Etruscan artifacts to Renaissance frescoes.

The history of Santa Maria della Scala dates back to the 9th century, and it was one of the first hospitals in Europe. Visitors can explore the labyrinthine underground tunnels, admire the stunning frescoes in the Pellegrinaio Hall, and learn about the hospital’s vital role in Siena’s history. This museum is a must-visit for those interested in understanding the social and cultural fabric of medieval Siena.

4. Climb the Torre del Mangia

Standing tall in Piazza del Campo, the Torre del Mangia is one of Siena’s most recognizable landmarks. Built between 1338 and 1348, the tower was designed to be exactly as tall as the Duomo, symbolizing the equal power of the church and the state. At 102 meters high, the Torre del Mangia offers one of the best viewpoints in Siena.

Climbing the 400 steps to the top is a bit of a challenge, but the reward is a breathtaking panoramic view of Siena and the surrounding Tuscan landscape. The tower’s name, which translates to “Tower of the Eater,” is a tribute to its first bell-ringer, who was known for his love of food. For those wondering what to do in Siena that combines history with a bit of adventure, a visit to the Torre del Mangia is a perfect choice.

5. Wander Through the Contrade

Siena is divided into 17 districts, known as Contrade, each with its own distinct identity, flag, and museum. The Contrade are central to Sienese life, especially during the Palio, when the districts compete fiercely against each other. Exploring these neighborhoods offers a unique insight into the city’s social fabric and traditions.

Each Contrada has its own church and museum, where you can learn about the district’s history, view artifacts, and understand the deep sense of pride that the residents hold. Walking through the Contrade, with their narrow streets and hidden courtyards, feels like stepping into a different world, one where history and tradition are deeply cherished.

6. Admire Art at the Pinacoteca Nazionale

The Pinacoteca Nazionale, located in the Palazzo Buonsignori, is one of Italy’s most important art museums. It houses an extensive collection of Sienese paintings from the 12th to the 16th centuries, offering a comprehensive overview of the city’s rich artistic heritage. The museum’s collection includes works by prominent Sienese artists such as Duccio di Buoninsegna, Simone Martini, and the Lorenzetti brothers.

The museum is particularly noted for its collection of altarpieces and panels, which provide insight into the religious and cultural life of medieval Siena. Whether you’re an art lover or simply curious about Sienese history, the Pinacoteca Nazionale is an essential stop on any itinerary of what to do in Siena.

7. Experience the Palio di Siena

The Palio di Siena is more than just a horse race; it’s a centuries-old tradition that defines the city’s cultural identity. Held twice a year, on July 2nd and August 16th, the Palio sees ten of Siena’s Contrade compete in a thrilling bareback race around the Piazza del Campo. The event is a culmination of months of preparation and is marked by elaborate parades, feasts, and celebrations.

The origins of the Palio date back to the Middle Ages, and it has been held in its current form since the 17th century. Attending the Palio offers a unique opportunity to witness the passion and rivalry that still burn brightly in Siena’s Contrade. The energy and excitement of the Palio make it one of the most memorable things to do in Siena.

8. Visit the Basilica of San Domenico

The Basilica of San Domenico, also known as Basilica Cateriniana, is a massive Gothic church that dominates the western part of Siena. It is dedicated to St. Catherine of Siena, one of Italy’s patron saints, who spent much of her life in this church. Inside, you’ll find relics of St. Catherine, including her preserved head and finger, as well as several beautiful frescoes depicting her life.

The basilica’s construction began in the 13th century, and it has played a significant role in the religious life of Siena ever since. The church’s simple, austere architecture contrasts with the elaborate interiors of other Sienese churches, creating a serene atmosphere perfect for reflection. Visiting the Basilica of San Domenico is a meaningful experience for those interested in Siena’s spiritual heritage.

9. Stroll Along Via di Città

Via di Città is one of Siena’s main streets, running through the heart of the city and connecting many of its key attractions. This historic street is lined with elegant palaces, shops, and cafes, making it a perfect place for a leisurely stroll. As you walk, you’ll encounter several important sites, including the Loggia della Mercanzia, a 15th-century loggia that once served as a meeting place for merchants.

The street also offers glimpses of Siena’s rich history, with its medieval architecture and charming alleys that branch off into quieter parts of the city. Walking along Via di Città is not just about seeing the sights; it’s about experiencing the rhythm of Sienese life, making it a key activity when planning what to do in Siena.

10. Taste the Flavors of Siena

No trip to Siena is complete without indulging in its culinary delights. Sienese cuisine is rooted in tradition, with dishes that reflect the agricultural bounty of Tuscany. Some of the must-try foods include pici, a thick, hand-rolled pasta typically served with rich sauces like cacio e pepe or wild boar ragù. Another local specialty is ribollita, a hearty vegetable soup made with bread, beans, and seasonal greens.

For dessert, don’t miss panforte, a dense, spiced fruitcake that has been a Sienese staple since the Middle Ages. Ricciarelli, almond-based cookies, are another local favorite, especially during the holiday season. Pair your meal with a glass of Chianti or Vernaccia di San Gimignano, two of Tuscany’s most celebrated wines. Exploring Siena’s culinary scene is a delicious way to experience the city’s culture and history, making it an essential part of any itinerary on what to do in Siena Italy.